关键词: 新月体, 新月体肾炎, 发生机制 , 病理学

Abstract: Crescentic  glomerulonephritis  （ CGN）  is  a  serious  renal  disease  characterized  by  rapidly  progressive glomerulonephritis with  histologic  features  of  crescent  formation.  Crescents  play  an  important  role  in  a  variety  of  renal diseases and are often strongly associated with poor prognosis. The formation of crescents and the development of CGN are the result  of  multiple  complex  upstream  molecular  mechanisms，  which  are  important  for  optimizing  the  diagnosis  and treatment of CGN. In this paper， we review the critical molecular mechanisms of crescent formation and CGN development and their  related  biomarkers，  aiming  to  deepen  the  understanding  of  the  pathological  role  and  clinical  significance  of crescent in renal diseases， and to provide a new theoretical basis and research direction for the diagnosis and treatment of CGN.

Key words:  crescent ,  crescentic nephritis ,  mechanism ,  pathology